The book comprises four lectures delivered in 1909 by the Swami, who was a prominent disciple of Sri Ramakrishna and the founder of the Sri Ramakrishna Math in Madras. The note describes the author as a profound scholar capable of translating complex philosophical concepts into clear, logical insights.

The core of these lectures involves a deep exploration of the relationship between the foundations of science and the teachings of Vedanta. Ultimately, the text argues that Self-Knowledge is the only reliable and "infallible" path to achieving permanent happiness.