The Aitareya Upanishad is a sacred text contained within the Ṛg-Veda (specifically forming part of the Aitareya Āraṇyaka). This particular book features the English translation of the Upanishad along with the commentary of the philosopher Śaṅkarācārya.While the preceding rituals in the Āraṇyaka focus on attaining identity with Prāṇa (Saguṇa Brahman), this Upanishad aims for a higher spiritual goal: realizing the identity of the individual soul with Nirguṇa Brahman (the ultimate, formless reality).

Ultimately, the Upanishad concludes by proclaiming that Brahman is Consciousness (Prajñānaṃ Brahma), serving as the foundational basis of everything.